The square or plaza Almshöjden in the center of Woodland Cemetery. Photos: Andreas Bergstrom, Fubiz
CEMETERY IN THE FOREST
Erik Gunnar Asplund and Sigurd Lewerentz
Enskededalen. Stockholm, Sweden. 1920
Woodland Cemetery or Cementerio del Bosque is a beautiful piece of landscape design that Swedish architects Erik Gunnar Asplund and Sigurd Lewerentz REALIZED in the final years of the second decade of the twentieth century.
The reason for the assignment was the implementation of a new cemetery south of Stockholm city and occupying a former quarry that had been replanted with coniferous trees.
The proposal would develop Lewerentz Asplund and special poetic visual sensibility and intelligence in the use of the site. Many of the ideas proposed here would mean a radical overhaul in the way of organizing these collective spaces are the cemeteries.
Graves would be placed among the trees within forest stands to book a large central space open meadow rising from the main entrance. On the left would be placed buildings planned, chapels, intertwined with small courtyards crematories more formal garden to reach a large open columned portico with a central courtyard in the manner of Roman impluvium. From this high point is a path to a hill above the left that ends in a square plaza planted with deciduous trees. In the center of the assembly is placed a large granite cross that becomes the highlight that guides the visitor.
The composition reflects a romantic solemnity and respect naturalist, metaphorically expressing sadness traffic death involving. The tour allows family and friends accompany the feeling and remembering the deceased, recalling the Scandinavian landscape and elements of their culture as the Chapel in the Forest which is a synthesis of classical and traditional cottage temple minimum.
The two proposals are minimal and not overly designed freely scouring wooded areas like the graves are arranged. It is a way of remembering a past medieval and traditional archetypes derived from Viking burials.
Forest Cemetery in Stockholm is a work of great beauty and a high intensity poetic worth seeing when visiting the Swedish capital.
References:
 Wide of Cemetery
The forest chapel designed by Sigurd Lewerentz. Photos: STONR Roberts
Access Path together with the central cross and the Almshöjden right. Photos: Andreas Bergstrom, Fubiz
Location:
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URBANIZACION SEA RANCH
Lawrence Halprin, y MLTW Architects
Sonoma. California, USA. 1967
Urbanization Sea Ranch is an interesting urban design effort would focus on achieving high-density integration built from the highest respect for the existing landscape elements.
Halprin intensity study with natural conditions of the place for the best adaptation of the proposed development to the particular location. The proposal would be based on the objective of performing highly ecological planning radical site from consideration the previous value of the landscape and its main geomorphological, climate, hydrographic, botanical, etc..
This area of Sonoma County, Northbound San Francisco, is a rugged coastal area characterized by Grassy viewshed, bounded at its upper edge by residues from forestry, descending, gentle topography seaward, the constant surge of small cliffs edge and strong wind incidence.
In Sea Ranch, and reinforcement planting some tree stands perpendicular to the coast would serve to divide the area into different enclosures that would increase its powerful theatrical nature. The authors project the available blocks of residential buildings alongside those seeking their wooded crests visual masking and wind protection. In the first buildings designed by architects such as MTLW, the massive use of wood in construction, the traditional way of the American West, and the complex and rich articulation of volumes to suit the wind and prospects would lead to a highly sophisticated area of high spatial quality.
That unorthodox effort in integrating architecture and landscape urbanization have made this illustrious example of the best made in American landscape design during the second half of the twentieth century.
References:
Landscape rating for territorial spatial Be Ranch.Lawrence Halprin
Tentative proposal distribution buildings on the coast. MLTW Architects.
View the condo I MLTW architects in their location
Representation of the basic idea of Brasilia. Drawing of Oscar Niemeyer
PLAN pilot Brasilia
Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer
Goiás, Brazil. 1956
In four short years they would walk Brasilia, the new city that more accurately represents the ideals we propose the Modern Movement calling card is drawn inthe Athens.
Begun in 1956 special effort was a visionary politician, Juscelino Kubitschek that during his mandate from the ground suggest creating a new federal capital that generated a strong national consciousness, with the help symbolic architecture and contemporary urbanism. Its basic intention was to promote settlement and development of the vast interior surfaces of Brazil with a powerful colonizing gesture to indicate the direction future policy.
The technicians who would perform that idea, Costa and Niemeyer, provided strong artistic ability and quality to imagine and a new city of colossal dimensions, full of visionary architecture and high quality, which would move the main public institutions of the young country.
The design would be based on the implementation of a large urban hub opened representative, oriented towards Northeast Northwest. Transversely, would fall two lattices accommodate large apples for premises, consisting mainly of large blocks of uniform design. Finally, in the periphery, along the shores of the vast Lake ParanoÃ- housing developments would be located low density. The whole system is structured around a system of major highways and avenues that do not interfere with pedestrian access projected.
The formal scheme plant resembles a bird in flight, with its huge wings outstretched to the future. A poetic image for decades captivate the imagination of architects throughout the length and breadth of the planet.
The gigantic monumental axis settle as a big empty space, in the manner of common meeting place. It would then call the Three Powers Square (in reference to legislative, judicial and executive), in which vehicles have restricted access and which would stand the most representative buildings and those corresponding to the state government, ministries, parliament, superior court, presidential residence, etc..
These buildings would project directly the team led by Oscar Niemeyer and highlight the Alvorada and Planalto Palacios, presidential offices, National Congress with its two houses inverted hemispherical. However, greater symbolism building esla Metropolitanacon Cathedral crown structure formed by concrete ribs.
The residential units in apartment unit blocks would also work Niemeyer and placed in a large variety on the road network. Both the repetitive nature of these buildings and even as the disparity in the size of public spaces would be some of the main drawbacks of this bet urban.
A political effort would rely too much on the character of the architecture demiurgic.
References:
Overall design of the organization of the city and its insertion in geographic space Paranoà Lake
Monumenta Axis Aerial view that defines the center of the city of Brasilia. Photos: Cayambe, Wikipedia
Night view of some representative buildings. Foto Augusto Areal, Superbrasilia
View from main entrance
DANCE HOUSE PAMPULHA
Oscar Niemeyer
Bello Horizonte.Brasil.1943
The House of Dance is located on a small island connected to a small concrete bridge near shore,to house a small restaurant, a lounge with tables, dance floor, kitchen and toilets. When I face the Oscar Niemeyer project 33 years put into practice in very strong all the freedom that reinforced concrete allowed. The draft proposes architectural and landscape design full integration with the atmosphere of the place ,with beautifully maintained landscaped gardens designed by Burle Marx .
The home of dance grows from two circles are tangent internally,where the deck plan which covers the circular marquee extends a winding, which ends in a bar, after embracing a large circular stage located by Lake, particularly remarkable in this sinuous cover alludes to its use .
This entertainment center musical activities had to close its doors in 1946 by gambling ban,long becoming a commercial space. In 2002 Dance House was reopened after receiving a restoration under the supervision of one Niemeyer.
Photography:World Photo
General Floor
Fotografia Rafael Rocha
Books:
Interior view from one of the courtyards
SAO PAULO STATE PINACOTECA
Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Sao Paulo.Brasil.1998
Exterior view towards catwalks
Centro Cultural SESC Pompeia
Lina Bo Bardi
Sao Paulo.Brasil.1982
Opened its doors in 1982 and daily receives five thousand people, is formed by five major areas designed especially for culture, especially its theater productions receiving large. Located in Sao Paulo in an old factory drums that would be demolished has become the cultural center.
Lina Bo Bardi preserves the existing brick industrial building and complemented by two large volumes of concrete retaining industrial image,where the project is proposed as aggregation; the context is understood as debris on which intervenes. Try to find new spaces transform and enhance existing, encouraging a building becomes alive .
"Going for the first time to the then abandoned drums Pompeia Factory, in 1976, I was curious enough, in view of an eventual recovery of the local leisure center, were those sheds rationally distributed under British projects of early European industrialization, of mid-nineteenth century. Although what I loved was the precursor elegant concrete structure.
The second time I was there, a Saturday, the atmosphere was another: there was more plush, secluded Hennebiqueana structure, but cheerful audience of children, mothers, elderly parents and passing a flag to another. Children ran, played youth football in the rain that fell from the roofs broken, laughing, chutes giving the ball in the water. I returned many times, Saturday and Sunday trying to fix those cheerful popular scenes”. Lina Bo Bardi
Photography: xaviru
About Lina Bo Bardi in CPPA
Plans:
Books:
View from Entrance to Museum
Brazilian Museum of Sculpture
Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Sao Paulo, Brazil. 1995
View of one of the small gaps in the interior of the park
CARACAS PARK EAST
Roberto Burle Marx
Avenida Francisco de Miranda, Chacaíto
Caracas, Venezuela. 1959
A late 50 Caracas authorities will entrust themselves to Burle Marx Brazilian landscape performing this extraordinary park that today is in a sorry state of neglect.
Be constructed taking the place of an old colonial hacienda more than70 hectáreasque was located in a central position in the valley of Caracas, along dela Carlota airport. Burle Marx folklore work in collaboration with other local technicians transform the space into one of the best contemporary artistic city.
The sensitivity and inventiveness of the landscape in the use of tropical, its ecological approach in respect to the geography of the sites and the formal aesthetic inspiration in modern artists such as Jean Arp, would lead here to a masterpiece of contemporary landscape. What the artist is defined as a synthesis of the concept of the garden in its relationship with nature as "set of artificial ecological associations”.
The generated environments would rely on the constant presence of water and the distant prospect of Mount Avila to offer naturalistic inspired spaces where color contrasts and generate masses unquestionable beauty.
Burle Marx's strategy is based on the location of the most spectacular native species and introduction of ornamental character acclimatised. The contours of the prairies, lakes and woodlands are defined as a fluid, gently undulating topography that leverages existing subtly creating spaces estanciales highly appreciated by visitors and users. The paths and roads follow a curved path approach well suited to landforms and are structured to allow views near and far.
In the last decade, the park has been colonized by all types of construction and destruction of the surface flora is almost complete. The worst attack destroyer against this essential piece of heritage of the city of Caracas is committed when recently produced the transformation of Lake 9, under the "Project Leander" to host the "Freedom Ship", a absurd homenaje a illustration of liberation Francisco de Miranda.
Another example of the ignorance and carelessness that has gripped Venezuela, that is destroying most relevant samples of their contribution to world culture.
References:
Overview plan of the organization. Newport Coast Master Plan. SWA Group
NEWPORT COAST MASTER PLAN
Spatial typical residential communities proposed by the Plan around the golf courses
Form apples distribution of houses in cul de sac on the upper platforms of the promontories geographic horizontal.
SWA Group of Michael Madden Ass.
Orange County. California, USA. 1989
Orange County south of the city of Los Angeles is the culmination urban American lifestyle. Within this space, Newport is one of the latest developments that have taken place in this coastal area.
Newport Beach es una City on the Edge occupied 7.000 Hectares, (Baptize Edge City as Joel Garreau in his book titled) that has more than 3.000 houses located in the vicinity of a protected natural area, el Cristal Cove State Park, and are connected with the leading metropolis of the U.S. west coast by the Pacific Coast Highway The urbanization has two exclusive golf courses and shopping centers only accessible by private vehicle.
The Cost Newport Master Plan is one of the last betting the Irvine Company in the development of the area and represents a new model of spatial structure associated with suburbanization naturalization papers giving a new form of social and economic organization supported highly unsustainable . Newport Coast is the culmination of that vision and propose ideological more than a century American authors like Thoreau mitificadores texts of life in contact with nature, as Walden Pond and would be displayed in urban utopias as Broadacre City by Frank Lloyd Wright.
This form of urban organization has been cloned in numerous cities and peripheral developments elsewhere in the world serving as support to new cities and tourist areas newly created.
This project would implement a renowned American consultancy, SWA Group, with extensive global experience in landscape design, urban planning with a long career since he founded it in Hideo Sasaki 1953.
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